Neutron is a chargeless particle and an advantageous probe in precise measurements of particle physics quantities and studies of soft matters since it survives as long as 15 minutes and it is free from electric disturbances. We explore beyond the present limitations in the measurements of lifetime, breaking of space-time inversion symmetry, gravitational interaction between the earth and neutron, unknown medium range forces, by developing and applying advanced neutron optical devices. We develop neutron detectors and neutron deceleration system together with the neutron focusing optics and spin optics to enable a highly efficient use of neutrons in fundamental physics and material science.